Assessment of Microvascular Complications in Females with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus through Biochemical Evaluation and Anthropometric Measurements

Background: Diabetes mellitus currently affects millions of people worldwide and projections for the future are alarming.

Objective: This study highlights the role of the biochemical parameters in the prediction of microvascular complications in Type 2 diabetes and non-diabetes female subjects.

Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in R L Jalappa Hospital attached to Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College a constituent of Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar. Randomly selected 45 female type 2 diabetes and non-diabetes subjects with the age group of 45-55 years attending the medicine outpatient department for a period of three months were included in the study. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were analyzed by standard methods.

Results: Among the analysed variables in this study, we observed mean values of obesity index (55.13±6.94, 50.20±11.62), Diastolic BP (78.35±11.08, 78.62±7.91), Fasting Blood Sugar (147±65.75, 90.71±30.53), HbA1c (9.22±2.48, 6.24±1.69), Serum Creatinine (0.84±0.32, 0.65±0.12), urine creatinine (57.73±51.95, 97.60±178.84), HDL (36.44±8.48, 43.46±10.65) and LDL (100.39±40.65, 115.20±24.02) were significantly elevated in female diabetic subjects compared to non diabetes subjects.

Conclusion: The anthropometric measures did not significantly differ between diabetes and non-diabetes. In this study, we observed 26.6% of nephropathy, 13.3% of retinopathy and 6.6% of neuropathy in diabetes females. However, non-diabetic female subjects showed higher significant TC and LDL-C levels. This suggests that those above the age of 45-year females require a comprehensive evaluation of anthropometric and biochemical parameters to avoid micro and macrovascular complications.